bhagatasinh ka janm 28 sitambar, 1907 panjaab ke jila laayalapur mein
banga gaanv (jo abhee paakistaan mein hai) ke ko ek deshabhakt sikh
parivaar mein hua tha, jisaka anukool prabhaav un par pada tha. unake
pita ka naam saradaar kishan sinh aur maata ka naam vidyaavatee kaur
tha.
yah ek sikh parivaar tha jisane aary samaaj ke vichaar ko apana liya tha. unake parivaar par aary samaaj va maharshi dayaanand kee vichaaradhaara ka gahara prabhaav tha. bhagat sinh ke janm ke samay unake pita saradaar kishan sinh evan unake do chaacha ajeetasinh tatha svarnasinh angrejon ke khilaaph hone ke kaaran jel mein band the.
jis din bhagatasinh paida hue unake pita evan chaacha ko jel se riha kiya gaya. is shubh ghadee ke avasar par bhagatasinh ke ghar mein khushee aur bhee badh gaee thee. bhagatasinh ke janm ke baad unakee daadee ne unaka naam bhaago vaala rakha tha. jisaka matalab hota hai achchhe bhaagy vaala. baad mein unhen bhagatasinh kaha jaane laga. vah 14 varsh kee aayu se hee panjaab kee kraantikaaree sansthaon mein kaary karane lage the. dee.e.vee. skool se unhonne nauveen kee pareeksha utteern kee.
1923 mein intarameediet kee pareeksha paas karane ke baad unhen vivaah bandhan mein baandhane kee taiyaariyaan hone lagee to vah laahaur se bhaagakar kaanapur aa gae. phir desh kee aajaadee ke sangharsh mein aise ramen ki poora jeevan hee desh ko samarpit kar diya.
bhagatasinh ne desh kee aajaadee ke lie jis saahas ke saath shaktishaalee british sarakaar ka mukaabala kiya, vah yuvakon ke lie hamesha hee ek bahut bada aadarsh bana rahega. bhagatasinh ko hindee, urdoo, panjaabee tatha angrejee ke alaava baangla bhee aatee thee jo unhonne batukeshvar datt se seekhee thee. jel ke dinon mein unake likhe khaton va lekhon se unake vichaaron ka andaaja lagata hai. unhonne bhaarateey samaaj mein bhaasha, jaati aur dharm ke kaaran aaee dooriyon par dukh vyakt kiya tha.
unhonne samaaj ke kamajor varg par kisee bhaarateey ke prahaar ko bhee usee sakhtee se socha jitana ki kisee angrej ke dvaara kie gae atyaachaar ko. unaka vishvaas tha ki unakee shahaadat se bhaarateey janata aur ugr ho jaegee, lekin jabatak vah jinda rahenge aisa nahin ho paega. isee kaaran unhonne maut kee saja sunaane ke baad bhee maapheenaama likhane se saaph mana kar diya tha.
amrtasar mein 13 aprail 1919 ko hue jaliyaanvaala baag hatyaakaand ne bhagat sinh kee soch par itana gahara prabhaav daala ki laahaur ke neshanal kolej kee padhaee chhodakar bhagat sinh ne bhaarat kee aajaadee ke lie naujavaan bhaarat sabha kee sthaapana kee.
kaakoree kaand mein raamaprasaad bismil sahit 4 kraantikaariyon ko phaansee va 16 any ko kaaraavaas kee saja se bhagat sinh itane jyaada bechain hue ki chandrashekhar aajaad ke saath unakee paartee hindustaan ripablikan esosieshan se jud gae aur use ek naya naam diyahindustaan soshalist ripablikan esosieshan . is sangathan ka uddeshy seva, tyaag aur peeda jhel sakane vaale navayuvak taiyaar karana tha.
isake baad bhagat sinh ne raajaguru ke saath milakar 17 disambar 1928 ko laahaur mein sahaayak pulis adheekshak rahe angrej adhikaaree jepee saandars ko maara. is kaarravaee mein kraantikaaree chandrashekhar aajaad ne bhee unakee pooree sahaayata kee. isake baad bhagat sinh ne apane kraantikaaree saathee batukeshvar datt ke saath milakar aleepur rod dillee sthit british bhaarat kee tatkaaleen sentral asembalee ke sabhaagaar mein 8 aprail 1929 ko angrej sarakaar ko jagaane ke lie bam aur parche phenke. bam phenkane ke baad vaheen par un donon ne apanee giraphtaaree bhee dee.
isake baad laahaur shadayantr ke is mukadamen mein bhagatasinh ko aur unake do any saathiyon, raajaguru tatha sukhadev ko 23 maarch, 1931 ko ek saath phaansee par lataka diya gaya. yah maana jaata hai ki mrtyudand ke lie 24 maarch kee subah hee tay thee, lekin logon ke bhay se daree sarakaar ne 23-24 maarch kee madhyaraatri hee in veeron kee jeevanaleela samaapt kar dee aur raat ke andhere mein hee satalaj ke kinaare unaka antim sanskaar bhee kar diya.
yah ek sanyog hee tha ki jab unhen phaansee dee gaee aur unhonne sansaar se vida lee, us vakt unakee umr 23 varsh 5 maah aur 23 din thee aur din bhee tha 23 maarch. apane phaansee se pahale bhagat sinh ne angrej sarakaar ko ek patr bhee likha tha, jisamen kaha tha ki unhen angrejee sarakaar ke khilaaph bhaarateeyon ke yuddh ka prateek ek yuddhabandee samajha jae tatha phaansee dene ke bajae golee se uda diya jae, lekin aisa nahin hua.
bhagatasinh kee shahaadat se na keval apane desh ke svatantrata sangharsh ko gati milee balki navayuvakon ke lie bhee vah prerana srot ban gae. vah desh ke samast shaheedon ke siramaur ban gae. unake jeevan par aadhaarit kaee hindee philmen bhee banee hain jinamen- da leejend oph bhagat sinh, shaheed, shaheed bhagat sinh aadi. aaj bhee saara desh unake balidaan ko badee gambheerata va sammaan se yaad karata hai.
bhaarat aur paakistaan kee janata unhen aajaadee ke deevaane ke roop mein dekhatee hai jisane apanee javaanee sahit saaree jindagee desh ke lie samarpit kar dee . saradaar bhagatasinh ka naam amar shaheedon mein sabase pramukh roop se liya jaata hai .
yah ek sikh parivaar tha jisane aary samaaj ke vichaar ko apana liya tha. unake parivaar par aary samaaj va maharshi dayaanand kee vichaaradhaara ka gahara prabhaav tha. bhagat sinh ke janm ke samay unake pita saradaar kishan sinh evan unake do chaacha ajeetasinh tatha svarnasinh angrejon ke khilaaph hone ke kaaran jel mein band the.
jis din bhagatasinh paida hue unake pita evan chaacha ko jel se riha kiya gaya. is shubh ghadee ke avasar par bhagatasinh ke ghar mein khushee aur bhee badh gaee thee. bhagatasinh ke janm ke baad unakee daadee ne unaka naam bhaago vaala rakha tha. jisaka matalab hota hai achchhe bhaagy vaala. baad mein unhen bhagatasinh kaha jaane laga. vah 14 varsh kee aayu se hee panjaab kee kraantikaaree sansthaon mein kaary karane lage the. dee.e.vee. skool se unhonne nauveen kee pareeksha utteern kee.
1923 mein intarameediet kee pareeksha paas karane ke baad unhen vivaah bandhan mein baandhane kee taiyaariyaan hone lagee to vah laahaur se bhaagakar kaanapur aa gae. phir desh kee aajaadee ke sangharsh mein aise ramen ki poora jeevan hee desh ko samarpit kar diya.
bhagatasinh ne desh kee aajaadee ke lie jis saahas ke saath shaktishaalee british sarakaar ka mukaabala kiya, vah yuvakon ke lie hamesha hee ek bahut bada aadarsh bana rahega. bhagatasinh ko hindee, urdoo, panjaabee tatha angrejee ke alaava baangla bhee aatee thee jo unhonne batukeshvar datt se seekhee thee. jel ke dinon mein unake likhe khaton va lekhon se unake vichaaron ka andaaja lagata hai. unhonne bhaarateey samaaj mein bhaasha, jaati aur dharm ke kaaran aaee dooriyon par dukh vyakt kiya tha.
unhonne samaaj ke kamajor varg par kisee bhaarateey ke prahaar ko bhee usee sakhtee se socha jitana ki kisee angrej ke dvaara kie gae atyaachaar ko. unaka vishvaas tha ki unakee shahaadat se bhaarateey janata aur ugr ho jaegee, lekin jabatak vah jinda rahenge aisa nahin ho paega. isee kaaran unhonne maut kee saja sunaane ke baad bhee maapheenaama likhane se saaph mana kar diya tha.
amrtasar mein 13 aprail 1919 ko hue jaliyaanvaala baag hatyaakaand ne bhagat sinh kee soch par itana gahara prabhaav daala ki laahaur ke neshanal kolej kee padhaee chhodakar bhagat sinh ne bhaarat kee aajaadee ke lie naujavaan bhaarat sabha kee sthaapana kee.
kaakoree kaand mein raamaprasaad bismil sahit 4 kraantikaariyon ko phaansee va 16 any ko kaaraavaas kee saja se bhagat sinh itane jyaada bechain hue ki chandrashekhar aajaad ke saath unakee paartee hindustaan ripablikan esosieshan se jud gae aur use ek naya naam diyahindustaan soshalist ripablikan esosieshan . is sangathan ka uddeshy seva, tyaag aur peeda jhel sakane vaale navayuvak taiyaar karana tha.
isake baad bhagat sinh ne raajaguru ke saath milakar 17 disambar 1928 ko laahaur mein sahaayak pulis adheekshak rahe angrej adhikaaree jepee saandars ko maara. is kaarravaee mein kraantikaaree chandrashekhar aajaad ne bhee unakee pooree sahaayata kee. isake baad bhagat sinh ne apane kraantikaaree saathee batukeshvar datt ke saath milakar aleepur rod dillee sthit british bhaarat kee tatkaaleen sentral asembalee ke sabhaagaar mein 8 aprail 1929 ko angrej sarakaar ko jagaane ke lie bam aur parche phenke. bam phenkane ke baad vaheen par un donon ne apanee giraphtaaree bhee dee.
isake baad laahaur shadayantr ke is mukadamen mein bhagatasinh ko aur unake do any saathiyon, raajaguru tatha sukhadev ko 23 maarch, 1931 ko ek saath phaansee par lataka diya gaya. yah maana jaata hai ki mrtyudand ke lie 24 maarch kee subah hee tay thee, lekin logon ke bhay se daree sarakaar ne 23-24 maarch kee madhyaraatri hee in veeron kee jeevanaleela samaapt kar dee aur raat ke andhere mein hee satalaj ke kinaare unaka antim sanskaar bhee kar diya.
yah ek sanyog hee tha ki jab unhen phaansee dee gaee aur unhonne sansaar se vida lee, us vakt unakee umr 23 varsh 5 maah aur 23 din thee aur din bhee tha 23 maarch. apane phaansee se pahale bhagat sinh ne angrej sarakaar ko ek patr bhee likha tha, jisamen kaha tha ki unhen angrejee sarakaar ke khilaaph bhaarateeyon ke yuddh ka prateek ek yuddhabandee samajha jae tatha phaansee dene ke bajae golee se uda diya jae, lekin aisa nahin hua.
bhagatasinh kee shahaadat se na keval apane desh ke svatantrata sangharsh ko gati milee balki navayuvakon ke lie bhee vah prerana srot ban gae. vah desh ke samast shaheedon ke siramaur ban gae. unake jeevan par aadhaarit kaee hindee philmen bhee banee hain jinamen- da leejend oph bhagat sinh, shaheed, shaheed bhagat sinh aadi. aaj bhee saara desh unake balidaan ko badee gambheerata va sammaan se yaad karata hai.
bhaarat aur paakistaan kee janata unhen aajaadee ke deevaane ke roop mein dekhatee hai jisane apanee javaanee sahit saaree jindagee desh ke lie samarpit kar dee . saradaar bhagatasinh ka naam amar shaheedon mein sabase pramukh roop se liya jaata hai .
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